|
The 28th Division ((ドイツ語:28. Division)) was a unit of the Prussian and German Army, almost entirely made up of troops from the Grand Duchy of Baden.〔From the late 1800s, the Prussian Army was effectively the German Army, as during the period of German unification (1866-1871) the states of the German Empire entered into conventions with Prussia regarding their armies and only the Bavarian Army remained fully autonomous.〕 It was formed in Karlsruhe on July 1, 1871.〔Günter Wegner, ''Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939.'' (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1, p. 124.〕 The division was subordinated in peacetime to the XIV Army Corps (''XIV. Armeekorps'').〔Wegner, p. 43.〕 The 28th Division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The division, along with the other division of the XIV Army Corps, the 29th Division, was formed in the Grand Duchy of Baden, a member state of the German Empire. Both divisions grew out of the Grand Ducal Baden Division (''Großherzoglich Badische Division''), the army of the grand duchy. The Grand Ducal Baden Division had fought against Prussia in the Austro-Prussian War, but after Prussia's victory Baden and most other German states had entered into conventions subordinating their armies to Prussia's. The Grand Ducal Baden Division served in the Franco-Prussian War against France in 1870-71, where its regiments saw action in the Siege of Strasbourg and the Battle of the Lisaine.〔Hermann Cron et al., ''Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee'' (Berlin, 1935)〕 In peacetime, the 28th Division was stationed in northern Baden (the 29th covered southern Baden), with garrisons in Karlsruhe, Mannheim, Heidelberg and Rastatt, among other cities. In World War I, the division served primarily on the Western Front, seeing action at the Battle of the Frontiers and then moving north during the Race to the Sea. It participated in some of the most well-known battles and campaigns of the Western Front, including the 1916 Battle of the Somme, the later phases of the Battle of Verdun, the tank battle of Cambrai in 1917, the German Spring Offensive of 1918, the Third Battle of the Aisne, the Battle of Belleau Wood, the Second Battle of the Marne and the Battle of Soissons. When the Armistice took effect, the division was occupying defensive positions on the right bank of the Meuse, in the northern part of the Argonne Forest.〔(28. Infanterie-Division - Der erste Weltkrieg )〕 ==Pre-World War I organization== * 55th Infantry Brigade (''55. Infanterie-Brigade) * * 109th Baden Life Grenadier Regiment (''Badisches Leib-Grenadier-Regiment Nr. 109'') * * 110th Baden Grenadier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm I" (''2. Badisches Grenadier-Regiment Kaiser Wilhelm I. Nr. 110'') * 56th Infantry Brigade (''56. Infanterie-Brigade'') * * 40th Fusilier Regiment "Prince Karl-Anton von Hohenzollern" (''Füsilier-Regiment Fürst Karl-Anton von Hohenzollern (Hohenzollernsches) Nr. 40'') * * 111th Infantry Regiment "Margrave Ludwig Wilhelm" (''Infanterie-Regiment Markgraf Ludwig Wilhelm (3. Badisches) Nr. 111'') * 28th Cavalry Brigade (''28. Kavallerie-Brigade'') * * 20th Baden Life Dragoon Regiment (''1. Badisches Leib-Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 20'') * * 21st Baden Dragoon Regiment (''2. Badisches Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 21'') * 28th Field Artillery Brigade (''28. Feldartillerie-Brigade'') * * 14th Baden Field Artillery Regiment "Grand Duke" (''Feldartillerie-Regiment Großherzog (1. Badisches) Nr. 14'') * * 50th Baden Field Artillery Regiment (''3. Badisches Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 50'') 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「28th Division (German Empire)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|